Matthew 19 · WEB
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Matthew 19

A question about divorce

When Jesus had finished these words, he departed from Galilee and came into the borders of Judea beyond the Jordan. Great multitudes followed him, and he healed them there.

Pharisees came to him, testing him and saying, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any reason?”

He answered, “Haven’t you read that he who made them from the beginning made them male and female, and said, ‘For this cause a man shall leave his father and mother, and shall be joined to his wife; and the two shall become one flesh’? So that they are no more two, but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, don’t let man tear apart.”

They asked him, “Why then did Moses command us to give her a certificate of divorce and divorce her?”

He said to them, “Moses, because of the hardness of your hearts, allowed you to divorce your wives, but from the beginning it has not been so. I tell you that whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery; and he who marries her when she is divorced commits adultery.”

His disciples said to him, “If this is the case of the man with his wife, it is not expedient to marry.”

But he said to them, “Not all men can receive this saying, but those to whom it is given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way from their mother’s womb, and there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by men; and there are eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs for the Kingdom of Heaven’s sake. He who is able to receive it, let him receive it.”

Jesus leaves Galilee for Judea beyond the Jordan. Pharisees test him: may a man divorce his wife for any reason? Jesus points back to creation, where God made them male and female and joined them as one flesh; Moses permitted divorce because of hardness of heart. When the disciples say it would be better not to marry, Jesus speaks of those who renounce marriage for the sake of the kingdom.

  • Scripture connection · Quotation

    Matthew 19:4–5 quotes Genesis 1:27 · Genesis 2:24

    God created man in his own image. In God’s image he created him; male and female he created them.
    Genesis 1:27 · WEB
    Therefore a man will leave his father and his mother, and will join with his wife, and they will be one flesh.
    Genesis 2:24 · WEB

    Asked about divorce, Jesus goes back to the creation accounts rather than to the debate over Deuteronomy 24.

What does this mean?

A 'eunuch' was a castrated man, often employed at royal courts. Jesus uses the word in three senses: those born unable to marry, those made so by others, and those who choose not to marry 'for the kingdom', a figure of speech for voluntary celibacy.

Historical context

The question 'for any reason' reflects the debate among Jewish teachers over the grounds for divorce in Deuteronomy 24:1 (see 5:31–32). The region beyond the Jordan, Perea, was ruled by Herod Antipas, whose own divorce and remarriage John the Baptist had condemned (14:3–4).

Why does it matter?

Christian churches differ in how they apply this teaching, including its exception clause, to divorce and remarriage.

Editorial notes, not scripture.

Jesus blesses the children

Then little children were brought to him that he should lay his hands on them and pray; and the disciples rebuked them. But Jesus said, “Allow the little children, and don’t forbid them to come to me; for the Kingdom of Heaven belongs to ones like these.” He laid his hands on them, and departed from there.

People bring children to Jesus for him to lay his hands on them and pray. The disciples rebuke them, but Jesus tells them to let the children come, for the kingdom of heaven belongs to such as these. He lays his hands on them and moves on.

What does this mean?

'Suffer little children' (KJV) means 'allow' or 'let' them; it has nothing to do with suffering in the modern sense.

Historical context

Parents sought blessings for their children from respected teachers, and laying on hands was a traditional gesture of blessing (Genesis 48:14).

Why does it matter?

The scene repeats the lesson of 18:1–5 and stands between the teaching on marriage and the story of a rich man, setting those with nothing to offer beside one who has a great deal. Some Christian traditions have cited it in support of baptising infants, though it does not mention baptism.

Editorial notes, not scripture.

The rich young man

Behold, one came to him and said, “Good teacher, what good thing shall I do, that I may have eternal life?”

He said to him, “Why do you call me good? No one is good but one, that is, God. But if you want to enter into life, keep the commandments.”

He said to him, “Which ones?” Jesus said, “‘You shall not murder.’ ‘You shall not commit adultery.’ ‘You shall not steal.’ ‘You shall not offer false testimony.’

‘Honor your father and your mother.’ And, ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’”

The young man said to him, “All these things I have observed from my youth. What do I still lack?”

Jesus said to him, “If you want to be perfect, go, sell what you have, and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow me.” But when the young man heard this, he went away sad, for he was one who had great possessions.

Jesus said to his disciples, “Most certainly I say to you, a rich man will enter into the Kingdom of Heaven with difficulty. Again I tell you, it is easier for a camel to go through a needle’s eye than for a rich man to enter into God’s Kingdom.”

When the disciples heard it, they were exceedingly astonished, saying, “Who then can be saved?”

Looking at them, Jesus said, “With men this is impossible, but with God all things are possible.”

Then Peter answered, “Behold, we have left everything and followed you. What then will we have?”

Jesus said to them, “Most certainly I tell you that you who have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of Man will sit on the throne of his glory, you also will sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. Everyone who has left houses, or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for my name’s sake, will receive one hundred times, and will inherit eternal life. But many will be last who are first, and first who are last.

A young man asks what good deed will gain him eternal life. Jesus points him to the commandments, and when he says he has kept them all, tells him to sell his possessions, give to the poor and follow him. The man goes away sad, for he is very rich. Jesus says it is easier for a camel to pass through a needle's eye than for a rich man to enter the kingdom, but with God all things are possible.

What does this mean?

'Perfect' means complete, as in 5:48. 'The regeneration' (KJV and WEB) means the renewal of all things at the end of the age.

Historical context

The camel was the largest animal in the region, and the saying is deliberate exaggeration. The popular idea of a small Jerusalem gate called 'the Needle's Eye' has no ancient evidence. Wealth was often taken as a sign of God's favour, which helps explain the disciples' shock.

Why does it matter?

Jesus ends by promising his followers a hundredfold reward and a share in judging Israel, and by repeating that the first will be last, the theme of the parable that follows.

Editorial notes, not scripture.

Told in three Gospels

How Matthew tells it

Only Matthew calls the man young (Luke: a ruler), and only he adds 'love your neighbour as yourself' to the commandments listed, and the words 'if you want to be perfect'. Mark alone says Jesus looked at him and loved him. Matthew's promise of twelve thrones for the disciples appears in Luke in a different setting (Luke 22:30).

Translation

KJVTraditional biblical languageWEBContemporary English

Chapters

  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
  5. 5
  6. 6
  7. 7
  8. 8
  9. 9
  10. 10
  11. 11
  12. 12
  13. 13
  14. 14
  15. 15
  16. 16
  17. 17
  18. 18
  19. 19
  20. 20
  21. 21
  22. 22
  23. 23
  24. 24
  25. 25
  26. 26
  27. 27
  28. 28

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Reading

Translation

KJVTraditional biblical languageWEBContemporary English

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.

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