Matthew 19
A question about divorce
When Jesus had finished these words, he departed from Galilee and came into the borders of Judea beyond the Jordan. Great multitudes followed him, and he healed them there.
Pharisees came to him, testing him and saying, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any reason?”
He answered, “Haven’t you read that he who made them from the beginning made them male and female, and said, ‘For this cause a man shall leave his father and mother, and shall be joined to his wife; and the two shall become one flesh’? So that they are no more two, but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, don’t let man tear apart.”
They asked him, “Why then did Moses command us to give her a certificate of divorce and divorce her?”
He said to them, “Moses, because of the hardness of your hearts, allowed you to divorce your wives, but from the beginning it has not been so. I tell you that whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery; and he who marries her when she is divorced commits adultery.”
His disciples said to him, “If this is the case of the man with his wife, it is not expedient to marry.”
But he said to them, “Not all men can receive this saying, but those to whom it is given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way from their mother’s womb, and there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by men; and there are eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs for the Kingdom of Heaven’s sake. He who is able to receive it, let him receive it.”
Jesus leaves Galilee for Judea beyond the Jordan. Pharisees test him: may a man divorce his wife for any reason? Jesus points back to creation, where God made them male and female and joined them as one flesh; Moses permitted divorce because of hardness of heart. When the disciples say it would be better not to marry, Jesus speaks of those who renounce marriage for the sake of the kingdom.
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Scripture connection · Quotation
Matthew 19:4–5 quotes Genesis 1:27 · Genesis 2:24
God created man in his own image. In God’s image he created him; male and female he created them.
Genesis 1:27 · WEB Therefore a man will leave his father and his mother, and will join with his wife, and they will be one flesh.
Genesis 2:24 · WEB Asked about divorce, Jesus goes back to the creation accounts rather than to the debate over Deuteronomy 24.
What does this mean?
A 'eunuch' was a castrated man, often employed at royal courts. Jesus uses the word in three senses: those born unable to marry, those made so by others, and those who choose not to marry 'for the kingdom', a figure of speech for voluntary celibacy.
Historical context
The question 'for any reason' reflects the debate among Jewish teachers over the grounds for divorce in Deuteronomy 24:1 (see 5:31–32). The region beyond the Jordan, Perea, was ruled by Herod Antipas, whose own divorce and remarriage John the Baptist had condemned (14:3–4).
Why does it matter?
Christian churches differ in how they apply this teaching, including its exception clause, to divorce and remarriage.
Editorial notes, not scripture.