Matthew 13
The parable of the sower
On that day Jesus went out of the house and sat by the seaside. Great multitudes gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat and sat; and all the multitude stood on the beach. He spoke to them many things in parables, saying, “Behold, a farmer went out to sow. As he sowed, some seeds fell by the roadside, and the birds came and devoured them. Others fell on rocky ground, where they didn’t have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, because they had no depth of earth. When the sun had risen, they were scorched. Because they had no root, they withered away. Others fell among thorns. The thorns grew up and choked them. Others fell on good soil and yielded fruit: some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty. He who has ears to hear, let him hear.”
Jesus sits in a boat and teaches the crowd on the shore in parables. He tells of a farmer whose seed falls on a path, on rocky ground, among thorns and on good soil; only the good soil produces a crop, of a hundred, sixty or thirty times what was sown.
What does this mean?
A 'parable' is a short story or comparison drawn from everyday life to make a point, often with a surprising twist. 'He who has ears, let him hear' is a call to listen carefully.
Historical context
Galilean farmers scattered seed by hand, and fields were crossed by footpaths and broken by rock and thorny weeds. Estimates of normal yields vary, but a hundredfold would have been an extraordinary harvest.
Why does it matter?
Chapter 13 is the third of Matthew's five teaching blocks, a collection of seven parables about the kingdom.
Editorial notes, not scripture.
Told in three Gospels
Mark 4:1–9
The parable of the sower
How Mark tells it
Mark opens the parable with a command to listen ('Hearken'), and gives the good soil's yields as thirty, sixty and a hundredfold — rising, where Matthew lists them falling and Luke gives only a hundredfold. Only Mark notes that the seed among thorns 'yielded no fruit'.
Continue reading in Mark →Luke 8:4–8
The parable of the sower
How Luke tells it
Luke has no lakeside setting or boat; instead people come "out of every city." Only Luke says the seed on the path was "trodden down" and that the seed on rock withered for lack of moisture. Luke gives a single yield of a hundredfold, where Matthew and Mark have thirty, sixty and a hundredfold.
Continue reading in Luke →How Matthew tells it
Matthew's version is very close to Mark's, but lists the harvest from greatest to least (a hundred, sixty, thirty) where Mark goes from least to greatest; Luke mentions only a hundredfold. Matthew makes this the first of seven kingdom parables gathered in a single chapter. Like Mark, he sets it by the lake, with Jesus teaching from a boat.