Matthew 14
The death of John the Baptist
At that time, Herod the tetrarch heard the report concerning Jesus, and said to his servants, “This is John the Baptizer. He is risen from the dead. That is why these powers work in him.” For Herod had arrested John, bound him, and put him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife. For John said to him, “It is not lawful for you to have her.” When he would have put him to death, he feared the multitude, because they counted him as a prophet. But when Herod’s birthday came, the daughter of Herodias danced among them and pleased Herod. Therefore he promised with an oath to give her whatever she should ask. She, being prompted by her mother, said, “Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptizer.”
The king was grieved, but for the sake of his oaths and of those who sat at the table with him, he commanded it to be given, and he sent and beheaded John in the prison. His head was brought on a platter and given to the young lady; and she brought it to her mother. His disciples came, took the body, and buried it. Then they went and told Jesus.
Herod Antipas hears about Jesus and fears he is John the Baptist raised from the dead. Matthew explains: Herod had imprisoned John for condemning his marriage to Herodias, his brother's wife. At Herod's birthday feast, Herodias's daughter dances and Herod rashly promises her anything; prompted by her mother, she asks for John's head, and Herod has him beheaded.
What does this mean?
A 'tetrarch' ruled part of a divided kingdom; Matthew also calls him 'king', as people commonly did. A 'charger' (KJV) is a large platter.
Historical context
Josephus also records that Antipas executed John, at the fortress of Machaerus, though he gives Herod's fear of John's popular influence as the motive. Marrying a brother's wife while he was alive was forbidden by the Law (Leviticus 18:16). Josephus calls Herodias's first husband simply Herod, and names her daughter Salome; the Gospel does not name her.
Editorial notes, not scripture.
Told in three Gospels
Mark 6:14–29
The death of John the Baptist
How Mark tells it
Mark's account is much fuller than Matthew's. Mark calls Herod 'king' throughout and says Herodias wanted John dead, while Herod protected him and heard him gladly; in Matthew, Herod wants to kill John but fears the crowds. Only Mark has the oath of 'half of my kingdom', the guest list and the girl asking her mother.
Continue reading in Mark →Luke 9:7–9
Herod wonders who Jesus is
How Luke tells it
Luke has only Herod's perplexity at what people are saying, not the story of John's death, which he never tells; he mentions John's imprisonment at 3:19–20. Unlike in Matthew and Mark, Herod does not conclude that John has risen: "John have I beheaded: but who is this?" He wants to see Jesus.
Continue reading in Luke →How Matthew tells it
Matthew's version is shorter than Mark's. In Matthew it is Herod who wants John dead but fears the crowds, who regard John as a prophet; in Mark it is Herodias who wants him dead, while Herod protects John and likes to hear him. Only Matthew says John's disciples told Jesus, which leads into Jesus' withdrawal.