Matthew 25
The ten bridesmaids
“Then the Kingdom of Heaven will be like ten virgins who took their lamps and went out to meet the bridegroom. Five of them were foolish, and five were wise. Those who were foolish, when they took their lamps, took no oil with them, but the wise took oil in their vessels with their lamps. Now while the bridegroom delayed, they all slumbered and slept. But at midnight there was a cry, ‘Behold! The bridegroom is coming! Come out to meet him!’ Then all those virgins arose, and trimmed their lamps. The foolish said to the wise, ‘Give us some of your oil, for our lamps are going out.’ But the wise answered, saying, ‘What if there isn’t enough for us and you? You go rather to those who sell, and buy for yourselves.’ While they went away to buy, the bridegroom came, and those who were ready went in with him to the wedding feast, and the door was shut. Afterward the other virgins also came, saying, ‘Lord, Lord, open to us.’ But he answered, ‘Most certainly I tell you, I don’t know you.’ Watch therefore, for you don’t know the day nor the hour in which the Son of Man is coming.
Jesus compares the kingdom to ten young women waiting with lamps to meet a bridegroom. Five take extra oil and five do not. When the bridegroom is delayed until midnight, the foolish ones' lamps are going out; while they go to buy oil he arrives, and the door is shut. The lesson: keep watch, for no one knows the day or the hour.
What does this mean?
'Virgins' (KJV and WEB) here means unmarried young women, bridesmaids. The lamps may have been torches of oil-soaked rags or small clay oil lamps; either needed a supply of oil.
Historical context
Wedding customs of the time are only partly known, but the bridegroom seems to have fetched the bride and led a procession, often at night, to the wedding feast, with attendants carrying lights.
Why does it matter?
Only Matthew tells this parable. The oil has been interpreted as good works, faith, the Spirit or simply readiness; the text does not say. The shut door and 'I know you not' echo 7:23.
Editorial notes, not scripture.