Luke 13
A call to repent and the barren fig tree
Now there were some present at the same time who told him about the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mixed with their sacrifices. Jesus answered them, “Do you think that these Galileans were worse sinners than all the other Galileans, because they suffered such things? I tell you, no, but unless you repent, you will all perish in the same way. Or those eighteen on whom the tower in Siloam fell and killed them—do you think that they were worse offenders than all the men who dwell in Jerusalem? I tell you, no, but, unless you repent, you will all perish in the same way.”
He spoke this parable. “A certain man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard, and he came seeking fruit on it and found none. He said to the vine dresser, ‘Behold, these three years I have come looking for fruit on this fig tree, and found none. Cut it down! Why does it waste the soil?’ He answered, ‘Lord, leave it alone this year also, until I dig around it and fertilize it. If it bears fruit, fine; but if not, after that, you can cut it down.’”
People tell Jesus about Galileans whom Pilate killed while they were offering sacrifices. Jesus asks whether they were worse sinners than other Galileans, and likewise the eighteen killed when a tower fell at Siloam; no, he says, but unless his hearers repent they will all perish too. He then tells of a fig tree that has borne no fruit for three years and is given one more year at the gardener's plea.
What does this mean?
"Dung it" (KJV) means spread manure around it.
Historical context
No other ancient source mentions either incident, but Josephus describes Pilate's violent handling of protests, so such an event is plausible. Siloam was an area in the south of Jerusalem with a well-known pool. Many people assumed that disaster was a punishment for particular sins (compare John 9:2), an assumption Jesus rejects here.
Why does it matter?
The fig tree was an established image for Israel (Hosea 9:10), and the parable is often read as a warning that time to repent is limited but not yet over. Some readers connect these warnings with the Roman destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE (19:41–44; 21:20–24).
Editorial notes, not scripture.