Luke 4
The temptation in the wilderness
Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness for forty days, being tempted by the devil. He ate nothing in those days. Afterward, when they were completed, he was hungry.
The devil said to him, “If you are the Son of God, command this stone to become bread.”
Jesus answered him, saying, “It is written, ‘Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God.’”
The devil, leading him up on a high mountain, showed him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time. The devil said to him, “I will give you all this authority and their glory, for it has been delivered to me, and I give it to whomever I want. If you therefore will worship before me, it will all be yours.”
Jesus answered him, “Get behind me, Satan! For it is written, ‘You shall worship the Lord your God, and you shall serve him only.’”
He led him to Jerusalem and set him on the pinnacle of the temple, and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, cast yourself down from here, for it is written, ‘He will put his angels in charge of you, to guard you;’
and, ‘On their hands they will bear you up, lest perhaps you dash your foot against a stone.’”
Jesus answering, said to him, “It has been said, ‘You shall not tempt the Lord your God.’”
When the devil had completed every temptation, he departed from him until another time.
Full of the Spirit, Jesus is led into the wilderness, where he eats nothing for forty days and is tested by the devil. The devil tempts him to turn a stone into bread, to worship him in exchange for the kingdoms of the world, and to throw himself down from the temple; each time Jesus answers with Scripture. The devil leaves him until another time.
What does this mean?
"Devil" comes from the Greek for "slanderer"; "Satan" is Hebrew for "adversary." "Tempted" also means tested. The "pinnacle" was a high point of the temple complex.
Historical context
Jesus' replies come from Deuteronomy 8:3, 6:13 and 6:16, where Moses recalls Israel's forty years of testing in the wilderness; the devil quotes Psalm 91:11–12. Moses and Elijah also each went forty days without food (Exodus 34:28; 1 Kings 19:8).
Why does it matter?
Many interpreters read the scene as Jesus remaining faithful where Israel failed in the wilderness. The devil's departure "for a season" (KJV) anticipates his return at the passion, when Satan enters Judas (22:3).
Editorial notes, not scripture.
Told in three Gospels
Matthew 4:1–11
The temptation in the wilderness
How Matthew tells it
Matthew's order is bread, temple, mountain, ending with the offer of the world's kingdoms; Luke puts the temple last, ending in Jerusalem. Mark gives only two verses, with no individual tests, and mentions wild animals. Matthew says angels came and served Jesus once the devil left; Luke says the devil departed 'for a season'.
Continue reading in Matthew →Mark 1:12–13
Jesus is tested in the wilderness
How Mark tells it
Mark's account is only two verses. He uses a forceful verb — the Spirit 'drove' Jesus out — and alone mentions the wild animals. He describes no fasting, no three temptations and no exchange of scripture quotations with the devil, all of which Matthew and Luke include.
Continue reading in Mark →How Luke tells it
Luke reverses Matthew's order of the second and third temptations, so the sequence ends at the Jerusalem temple, where his story reaches its climax. Only Luke has the devil claim that the world's authority has been handed to him, and he ends with the devil leaving "until another time" rather than with angels serving Jesus. Mark gives no details.