Luke 21 · WEB
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Luke 21

The widow's offering

He looked up and saw the rich people who were putting their gifts into the treasury. He saw a certain poor widow casting in two small brass coins. He said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow put in more than all of them, for all these put in gifts for God from their abundance, but she, out of her poverty, put in all that she had to live on.”

In the temple, Jesus watches rich people putting their gifts into the treasury and sees a poor widow put in two tiny coins. He says she has given more than all of them, because they gave out of their surplus while she gave all she had to live on.

What does this mean?

"Mites" (KJV) were lepta, the smallest coins in circulation, made of copper or bronze.

Historical context

Later Jewish sources describe thirteen trumpet-shaped collection chests in the temple court where offerings were placed.

Why does it matter?

Interpreters read the story in two ways: as praise of the widow's complete devotion, or, following straight on the warning about scribes who "devour widows' houses" (20:47), as a lament over a system that took the last coins of the poor. Both readings reflect Luke's concern for the poor and for widows (2:37; 7:12; 18:3).

Editorial notes, not scripture.

The temple's destruction and coming persecution

As some were talking about the temple and how it was decorated with beautiful stones and gifts, he said, “As for these things which you see, the days will come in which there will not be left here one stone on another that will not be thrown down.”

They asked him, “Teacher, so when will these things be? What is the sign that these things are about to happen?”

He said, “Watch out that you don’t get led astray, for many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am he,’ and, ‘The time is at hand.’ Therefore don’t follow them. When you hear of wars and disturbances, don’t be terrified, for these things must happen first, but the end won’t come immediately.”

Then he said to them, “Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be great earthquakes, famines, and plagues in various places. There will be terrors and great signs from heaven. But before all these things, they will lay their hands on you and will persecute you, delivering you up to synagogues and prisons, bringing you before kings and governors for my name’s sake. It will turn out as a testimony for you. Settle it therefore in your hearts not to meditate beforehand how to answer, for I will give you a mouth and wisdom which all your adversaries will not be able to withstand or to contradict. You will be handed over even by parents, brothers, relatives, and friends. They will cause some of you to be put to death. You will be hated by all men for my name’s sake. And not a hair of your head will perish.

“By your endurance you will win your lives.

When some admire the temple's beautiful stones and gifts, Jesus foretells that not one stone will be left on another. Asked when, he warns against false messiahs and against panic over wars, earthquakes, famines and signs in the sky. Before all this, he says, his followers will be arrested and brought before synagogues, kings and governors, betrayed even by their families, but he will give them words and wisdom, and by enduring they will gain their lives.

What does this mean?

"In my name" means claiming to be Jesus or to act with his authority. "In your patience possess ye your souls" (KJV) means "by your endurance you will gain your lives."

Historical context

Herod the Great began a vast rebuilding of the temple around 20 BCE, and work continued for decades; its white stone and gold made it famous across the Roman world. It was destroyed by Rome in 70 CE.

Why does it matter?

Acts narrates the fulfilment of these warnings: apostles are imprisoned, Stephen is killed, and Paul defends himself before governors and King Agrippa. The promise that "not a hair of your head" will perish, alongside the warning that some will be killed, is usually read as a promise of ultimate safety rather than physical protection.

Editorial notes, not scripture.

Jerusalem's fall and the coming of the Son of Man

“But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then know that its desolation is at hand. Then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains. Let those who are in the middle of her depart. Let those who are in the country not enter therein. For these are days of vengeance, that all things which are written may be fulfilled. Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who nurse infants in those days! For there will be great distress in the land and wrath to this people. They will fall by the edge of the sword, and will be led captive into all the nations. Jerusalem will be trampled down by the Gentiles until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.

“There will be signs in the sun, moon, and stars; and on the earth anxiety of nations, in perplexity for the roaring of the sea and the waves; men fainting for fear and for expectation of the things which are coming on the world, for the powers of the heavens will be shaken. Then they will see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory. But when these things begin to happen, look up and lift up your heads, because your redemption is near.”

Jesus says that when Jerusalem is surrounded by armies its desolation is near: those in Judea must flee to the mountains, for these are days of punishment, and the city will be trampled by Gentiles until their times are fulfilled. Then there will be signs in the sun, moon and stars and distress among the nations, and people will see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and glory; his followers should look up, for their redemption is near.

What does this mean?

"The times of the Gentiles" means a period during which non-Jewish nations dominate Jerusalem. The Son of Man "coming in a cloud" draws on Daniel 7:13. "Redemption" means liberation.

Historical context

The church historian Eusebius records a tradition that Jerusalem's Christians fled to Pella, east of the Jordan, before the Roman siege of 70 CE. Where Mark speaks of "the abomination of desolation" (Mark 13:14), Luke speaks of armies surrounding the city; many scholars think he wrote after the event, while others argue the language draws on earlier prophecies of sieges.

Why does it matter?

Many scholars read Luke as distinguishing the city's destruction, a historical event, from the cosmic coming of the Son of Man, separated by an undefined period. Interpreters differ on how literally to take the cosmic signs.

Editorial notes, not scripture.

The fig tree and a call to stay alert

He told them a parable. “See the fig tree and all the trees. When they are already budding, you see it and know by your own selves that the summer is already near. Even so you also, when you see these things happening, know that God’s Kingdom is near. Most certainly I tell you, this generation will not pass away until all things are accomplished. Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will by no means pass away.

“So be careful, or your hearts will be loaded down with carousing, drunkenness, and cares of this life, and that day will come on you suddenly. For it will come like a snare on all those who dwell on the surface of all the earth. Therefore be watchful all the time, praying that you may be counted worthy to escape all these things that will happen, and to stand before the Son of Man.”

Every day Jesus was teaching in the temple, and every night he would go out and spend the night on the mountain that is called Olivet. All the people came early in the morning to him in the temple to hear him.

Jesus tells a parable: when trees put out leaves, summer is near; so when these things happen, God's kingdom is near. This generation will not pass away until all is accomplished, and his words will never pass away. He urges his hearers to stay alert and pray, rather than be weighed down by excess and worry. Luke adds that Jesus taught in the temple each day and spent the nights on the Mount of Olives.

What does this mean?

"Surfeiting" (KJV) means overindulgence or carousing.

Historical context

The fig tree is one of the few trees in the region that loses its leaves in winter, so new leaves are a clear sign of approaching summer. Festival pilgrims who could not find lodging in the crowded city often camped on the surrounding hills.

Why does it matter?

"This generation" is one of the most debated phrases in the Gospels; interpreters take it to mean Jesus' contemporaries (and so the fall of Jerusalem), humanity in general, or the generation that sees the final signs. The closing summary explains how Judas could find Jesus at night away from the crowds (22:39).

Editorial notes, not scripture.

Translation

KJVTraditional biblical languageWEBContemporary English

Chapters

  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
  5. 5
  6. 6
  7. 7
  8. 8
  9. 9
  10. 10
  11. 11
  12. 12
  13. 13
  14. 14
  15. 15
  16. 16
  17. 17
  18. 18
  19. 19
  20. 20
  21. 21
  22. 22
  23. 23
  24. 24

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Reading

Translation

KJVTraditional biblical languageWEBContemporary English

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.

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About Luke