John 18
Jesus is arrested
When Jesus had spoken these words, he went out with his disciples over the brook Kidron, where there was a garden, into which he and his disciples entered. Now Judas, who betrayed him, also knew the place, for Jesus often met there with his disciples. Judas then, having taken a detachment of soldiers and officers from the chief priests and the Pharisees, came there with lanterns, torches, and weapons. Jesus therefore, knowing all the things that were happening to him, went out and said to them, “Who are you looking for?”
They answered him, “Jesus of Nazareth.” Jesus said to them, “I am he.” Judas also, who betrayed him, was standing with them.
When therefore he said to them, “I am he,” they went backward and fell to the ground.
Again therefore he asked them, “Who are you looking for?” They said, “Jesus of Nazareth.”
Jesus answered, “I told you that I am he. If therefore you seek me, let these go their way,” that the word might be fulfilled which he spoke, “Of those whom you have given me, I have lost none.”
Simon Peter therefore, having a sword, drew it, struck the high priest’s servant, and cut off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus. Jesus therefore said to Peter, “Put the sword into its sheath. The cup which the Father has given me, shall I not surely drink it?”
Jesus crosses the Kidron valley with his disciples to a garden, where Judas arrives with soldiers and temple officers carrying lanterns, torches and weapons. Jesus steps forward and asks whom they want; when he answers "I am he", they fall back to the ground. Peter cuts off the ear of the high priest's servant, Malchus, but Jesus tells him to put away his sword.
What does this mean?
"Band" (KJV) or "detachment" (WEB) translates a Roman military term for a cohort, a unit nominally of several hundred soldiers, though the word could be used loosely. Again "I am he" is in Greek simply "I am". "The cup" is an Old Testament image for a destiny given by God, often suffering.
Historical context
The Kidron valley lies between Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives. The other Gospels name the place Gethsemane. Passover fell at full moon, yet the party still brought lanterns and torches, perhaps to search the garden.
Why does it matter?
John portrays Jesus as in control of his own arrest: he knows what will happen, goes out to meet his captors, and protects his disciples. Many interpreters read the soldiers falling to the ground as a reaction to a divine-sounding "I am".
Editorial notes, not scripture.
Told in all four Gospels
Matthew 26:47–56
The arrest of Jesus
How Matthew tells it
Only Matthew has Jesus address Judas as 'Friend', rebuke the swordsman with 'all who take the sword will die by the sword', and mention twelve legions of angels. Mark adds a young man who flees naked; Luke has Jesus heal the servant's ear; John names Peter and the servant, Malchus, and has the arresting party fall back.
Continue reading in Matthew →Mark 14:43–52
The arrest of Jesus
How Mark tells it
Only Mark tells of the young man who fled naked. Mark's Judas tells the crowd to lead Jesus away 'safely', and Jesus says nothing to him. The swordsman is unnamed (John names Peter and the servant Malchus), and Jesus neither rebukes him (Matthew, John) nor heals the ear (Luke).
Continue reading in Mark →Luke 22:47–53
The arrest of Jesus
How Luke tells it
Only Luke has the disciples ask "shall we smite with the sword?" and tells of Jesus healing the ear. In Luke the chief priests themselves are present. Luke does not say the disciples fled (Mark, Matthew) and has no young man escaping naked (Mark). John names Peter as the swordsman and Malchus as the servant.
Continue reading in Luke →How John tells it
John does not name Gethsemane or describe Jesus praying in anguish, and Judas gives no kiss. Instead Jesus steps forward, asks whom they seek and answers "I am he", at which the arresting party falls back. Only John names Peter as the swordsman and Malchus as the servant, and mentions soldiers alongside the temple officers.