John 5
Healing at the pool of Bethesda
After these things, there was a feast of the Jews, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem. Now in Jerusalem by the sheep gate, there is a pool, which is called in Hebrew, “Bethesda”, having five porches. In these lay a great multitude of those who were sick, blind, lame, or paralyzed, waiting for the moving of the water; for an angel went down at certain times into the pool and stirred up the water. Whoever stepped in first after the stirring of the water was healed of whatever disease he had. A certain man was there who had been sick for thirty-eight years. When Jesus saw him lying there, and knew that he had been sick for a long time, he asked him, “Do you want to be made well?”
The sick man answered him, “Sir, I have no one to put me into the pool when the water is stirred up, but while I’m coming, another steps down before me.”
Jesus said to him, “Arise, take up your mat, and walk.”
Immediately, the man was made well, and took up his mat and walked. Now that day was a Sabbath.
So the Jews said to him who was cured, “It is the Sabbath. It is not lawful for you to carry the mat.”
He answered them, “He who made me well said to me, ‘Take up your mat and walk.’ ”
Then they asked him, “Who is the man who said to you, ‘Take up your mat and walk’?”
But he who was healed didn’t know who it was, for Jesus had withdrawn, a crowd being in the place.
Afterward Jesus found him in the temple and said to him, “Behold, you are made well. Sin no more, so that nothing worse happens to you.”
The man went away, and told the Jews that it was Jesus who had made him well. For this cause the Jews persecuted Jesus and sought to kill him, because he did these things on the Sabbath. But Jesus answered them, “My Father is still working, so I am working, too.”
For this cause therefore the Jews sought all the more to kill him, because he not only broke the Sabbath, but also called God his own Father, making himself equal with God.
At a Jerusalem pool called Bethesda, Jesus meets a man who has been ill for thirty-eight years and tells him to pick up his mat and walk. He does. Because it is the Sabbath, the authorities object to the man carrying his mat, and then to Jesus, who answers that his Father is still working.
What does this mean?
"Impotent folk" (KJV) means invalids, people without strength. "Halt" means lame and "withered" means paralysed. The "sheep market" (KJV) or "sheep gate" (WEB) was near the temple. "The Jews" here again refers to authorities who enforce Sabbath rules.
Historical context
The Sabbath, from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset, was a day of rest, and carrying burdens was forbidden. Excavations north of the temple area have uncovered a large double pool many identify with Bethesda. The part about an angel stirring the water (end of verse 3 and verse 4) is in the KJV and WEB but missing from the earliest manuscripts, and many modern translations omit it.
Why does it matter?
Some Jewish thinkers of the time held that God keeps working on the Sabbath, sustaining the world. Jesus' claim to share that work is heard as making himself equal with God, and from here opposition hardens into a plan to kill him.
Editorial notes, not scripture.