Luke 12
Do not fear those who kill the body
In the mean time, when there were gathered together an innumerable multitude of people, insomuch that they trode one upon another, he began to say unto his disciples first of all, Beware ye of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy. For there is nothing covered, that shall not be revealed; neither hid, that shall not be known. Therefore whatsoever ye have spoken in darkness shall be heard in the light; and that which ye have spoken in the ear in closets shall be proclaimed upon the housetops. And I say unto you my friends, Be not afraid of them that kill the body, and after that have no more that they can do. But I will forewarn you whom ye shall fear: Fear him, which after he hath killed hath power to cast into hell; yea, I say unto you, Fear him. Are not five sparrows sold for two farthings, and not one of them is forgotten before God? But even the very hairs of your head are all numbered. Fear not therefore: ye are of more value than many sparrows. Also I say unto you, Whosoever shall confess me before men, him shall the Son of man also confess before the angels of God: But he that denieth me before men shall be denied before the angels of God. And whosoever shall speak a word against the Son of man, it shall be forgiven him: but unto him that blasphemeth against the Holy Ghost it shall not be forgiven. And when they bring you unto the synagogues, and unto magistrates, and powers, take ye no thought how or what thing ye shall answer, or what ye shall say: For the Holy Ghost shall teach you in the same hour what ye ought to say.
As thousands crowd around, Jesus warns his disciples against the hypocrisy of the Pharisees, since everything hidden will be revealed. They should not fear those who can only kill the body, but God, whose power extends beyond death; yet God values them more than many sparrows. Those who acknowledge Jesus publicly will be acknowledged before God's angels, and when they are put on trial the Holy Spirit will teach them what to say.
What does this mean?
"Leaven" (KJV) or "yeast" is an image of something small that spreads through the whole. "Hell" (KJV) in verse 5 is Gehenna, the Valley of Hinnom outside Jerusalem, once associated with child sacrifice (Jeremiah 7:31) and used as an image of final judgment. Two "farthings" (KJV) were small copper coins.
Historical context
Sparrows were among the cheapest food sold in markets. Interpreters differ over what blasphemy against the Holy Spirit means; a common view is a settled rejection of God's work.
Why does it matter?
The promise of the Spirit's help before synagogues and rulers is fulfilled in Acts, where Peter, Stephen and Paul speak boldly before councils and governors.
Editorial notes, not scripture.